Bullying Victimization in Primary School: A Cross-Sectional Study in One Municipality in Belgrade

Abstract

Objective – The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of bullying victimization among primary school pupils. Our goal was also to structure evidence-based recommendations as to the main issues surrounding bullying victimization.

Methods – A cross-sectional study included 380 primary school pupils from 6 primary schools located in the municipality of Voždovac, in the capital city of Belgrade, Serbia. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire explored socio-demographic data, types, location and frequency of bullying as well as pupils’ reactions to bullying.

Results – One hundred fifty one pupils (39.7%) reported being victims to bullying. The prevalence of bullying varied across school grades, but showed a decreasing tendency with more advanced grade at school (58.3% in 3rd grade, 37.1% in 5th grade and 26.3% in 7th grade). Making jokes and exclusion from the group were the most frequent types of bullying. The most common location of bullying was inside the classroom (81.4%) and school yard (61.8%). Boys were more frequently victims of bullying compared with girls (χ2 test=6.264; P=0.012). Being younger correlated with more frequent reporting of bullying (rho=0.236; P=0.001).

Conclusion – Our findings call for bullying prevention programs in primary schools with the aim at improving teachers’ competence to promptly recognize and respond to bullying. Bullying prevention programs should be compulsory for the teaching staff as well as for the pupils and their parents.