Adolescents’ Experiences in Managing Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

Objectives − This study examined perceived changes in diabetes management among adolescents with type 1 diabetes as they transition from childhood to adolescence, focusing on self-management, parental involvement, physical activity, and treatment reflections.

Patients and Methods − Qualitative description employing individual semi-structured interviews was utilized with 19 adolescents. Interview data were processed using a content analysis approach.

Results − Most adolescents managed their diabetes independently, drawing from years of experience. While some adhered to medical advice, others made independent decisions, prioritizing convenience, or habits. Parental roles varied, from regular supervision to granting autonomy. Many adolescents appreciated parental support, feeling it provided security, though some experienced it as overbearing or insufficient. They had increased independence in managing their diabetes as they grew older. Acceptance of the disease improved with time, aided by technological advancements. Challenges included increased insulin needs and food intake during adolescence, but overall, they felt more confident and responsible in self-management. Despite advancements in technology, practical challenges persist in managing diabetes during physical activity.

Conclusion − Adolescents with diabetes generally develop effective self-management skills and appreciate increasing autonomy, though adherence to medical advice varies. Continued parental support and advanced diabetes technologies play crucial roles in their management. Personalized treatment and balanced parental involvement are needed to increase adherence.